Health Promotion Intervention Plan On Cardiovascular Disease

Health Promotion Intervention Plan On Cardiovascular Disease Planning is defined as a step by step movement from the beginning till the end of a programme (Naidoo and Wills, 2009).It was also clearly stated by Tones and Green (2005) as an outline of different parts of a programme and how they are interwoven together. Planning a health promotion programme requires logical approaches that run through different stages before an effective outcome can be established (Naidoo and wills,2009).This involves the use of different kind of planning model. In this circumstance the Ewles and Simnett (2003) planning schema will be made use of to plan this intervention. This is a schedule that encompasses seven key planning actions. They include identifying health need assessment, setting goals and objective, choosing good strategies for the set objectives, sourcing for fund and man power, mapping out evaluation plan ,so as to enhance good performance ,setting an action plan, and lastly implementing the plan (Bartholomew et al.,2006).A top-down approach in executing programme plan will be used in this arena (Laverack,2005).This Top-down programmes approach are usually apprehensive with lifestyle and behavioural fulfillment to specific stipulated norms (Boutilier,1993).This is the reason why the approach will best suite this plan. Background knowledge Cardiovascular disease is an ailment of the heart and the circulatory system. It consists of the coronary heart disease heart attack and angina as well as stroke. The organ that is affected by this disease is part of the toughest muscle in the body, so as to keep blood pumping constant. There are specific arteries for different organs in the body, but the one that supply the heart is called the coronary artery. When this blood vessel is affected it lead to the ailment called the coronary heart disease. This ailment occur when the blood vessel supplying the heart become narrowed by accumulation of fatty substances called atheroma within their walls. A condition called atherosclerosis. This could cause reduction of blood current to the heart due to the tightening of the vessel, which could lead to having an heart attack or myocardial infarction. This . The nature of the health needs assessment Cardiovascular diseases are a worldwide leading cause of death, which causes approximately 17.1 million deaths per year (WHO, 2010). These diseases of the heart are the major cause of death in the United Kingdom which includes the Northern Ireland (Chief Medical Officer, 1999; DHSSPS, 2004, p. 97). In spite of the reduction in the drift in death rate of diseases of the heart and the circulatory system, coronary heart disease still remains the common cause of death in the United Kingdom (British Heart Foundation, 2007). The mortality rate incurred by this ailment every year is roughly 208,000 deaths (British Heart Foundation ,2007).This reflected roughly one in 3 people death per year, which is around 36% of the populace (British Heart Foundation, 2007).The major form of Cardiovascular Disease are coronary heart disease (CHD) ,which account for around 48% of mortality rate and around 28% death rate from stroke. This ailment which could lead to angina, heart attack and heart stoppage is one of the main causes of death in Northern Ireland. It was reported that this ailment causes 1 in 3 deaths in men and 1 in 4 deaths in women and is accountable for approximately 20% of the entire loss in productive years in this part of UK (Chief Medical Officer, 1999). Unal et al. (2004) claimed that a reduction in coronary heart disease (CHD) in the U.K between the 1980s and 1990s was around 58% which account for more than half of the populace. .This reduction was brought by drastic change in the primary threat, which is smoking and the remaining 42% was achieved from the secondary prevention and treatment provided (Unal et al., 2004). McWhirter (2002) claimed that the electoral wards with the top mortality rates in Northern Ireland are also those with the uppermost levels of deficiency. National Heart Forum (2002) pointed out that various citizens have a heritable nature towards coronary heart disease, bu t for huge mass of people the danger of coronary heart disease is basically determined during oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lifespan by the food being consumed, physical immobility and smoking. National Heart Forum (2002)stated that heart attacks and ill health from coronary heart infection may seem inaccessible to childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s lives, but the major risk factor for developing coronary heart disease like (rise in blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, high blood glucose level and smoking) all build up throughout the lifespan, most occurring during childhood and teenage years. Various researches have confirmed that the early signs of coronary heart infection are already obvious in some children and teenagers (DHSSPS, 2004). The growing levels of obesity amongst children and young people mean that they are likely to be at advanced threat of developing coronary heart disease in later life (National Heart Forum, 2002). Cardiovascular disease need to be addressed all over the field from primary prevention in not at risk population that is by considering diet, physical fitness, overweight prevention and smoking in children and young people , which could predispose them to other life threatening diseases that are non-communicable. Therefore cardiovascular disease especially coronary heart disease is a health problem that require drastic intervention. Aims The overall aim of this plan is to educate and increase the level of awareness among university undergraduate students about the risk of having coronary heart disease by using the behavioural and life style approach (Laverack, 2005). Objective Labonte (1998) claimed that nearly all conventional health promotion goals are based on disease prevention, decreasing death rate, morbidity, and behavioural changes. Therefore, the objective of this proposed intervention will focus on school based prevention approach (Laverack , 2005) by creating awareness which will result in healthy way of life from the grassroots by catching them young. The objective is tailored towards a SMART ideology, that is must be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, and Realistic as well as time conscious. The educational objective are as follows To encourage students to dissipate knowledge among their peers of the consequences of getting a coronary heart disease. To increase student awareness of the kind of food that could predispose them to getting the disease. To enlighten students about the kind of lifestyle they need to inculcate to avoid the danger of having the disease. To establish whether student have a prior knowledge about the disease and it consequences. To inform participant about the healthy food that they need to adopt to reduce the risk of being affected by the ailment.

The Implications of the Phrase: “Existence Precedes Essence.”

Kung Tzu or Confucius as he is better known as was born in 551 BC and was a Chinese thinker and teacher (as he preferred to see himself) developed a system of philosophy and religion known as Confucianism. One part of his thoughts in particular are currently of interest to us; his views on human nature. Confucius believed that human nature is neither good nor evil, but develops through out one’s life.The actions, choices and thoughts of every person all contribute towards a person’s nature; and as a result of this thought he justified that there is no collective human nature and that human nature varies from person to person. This may be summed up into one phrase: â€Å"existence precedes essence†. The statement in this case would mean that people are born without any nature as such, and are neither good nor evil to begin with; quite simply they’re like a hollow husk with no character, soul or substance (mental and emotional) that would make them human.The character develops and grows as a person experiences live and all the challenges and rewards that accompany life and is reflected through the actions and decisions of each person. This would imply that every individual is born with a ‘clean sate’ and are thus free to determine the direction of their existence weather for good or evil as a culmination of their lives thus far. It also means that all human beings are born equal (at least on a moral plain) because every individual at birth has no essence or soul; quite simply, they may be compared to animals.It is their lives and experiences that shape who they are in essence and their actions and choices that reflect who they are. Further more as a result of the equality implications is could be deduced that all people regardless of their economic or social class are equally capable of committing good and evil and no individual is incapable of committing either good or evil regardless of their social or economic class.

The Claim Justified Evolution Of The Transatlantic Slave...

The Falsely Justified Evolution of the Transatlantic Slave Trade In the early stages of the evolution of slavery in Europe, which eventually transformed into the infamous transatlantic slave trade, slavery was simply considered as those who were held captive from each conflicting side of war. Whichever side lost the war was deemed slaves by the victorious side. Since there wasn’t any race that was considered inferior to the other within Europe, skin color wasn’t a large influence in early stages of European slavery. But at this time, a vast majority of Europe had their sights set on exploration and conquest, also known as manifest destiny. This Christian religious affiliation had a large impact in the use of slaves, as well as the†¦show more content†¦Not only did the Portuguese trade with these people, they also began capturing African men, women, and children, with the sole intent of trading them as slaves. As this premature slave trade developed in the 15th century, African slaves began making and impact in the cultural diversity of many cities in Europe. At the end of the 15th century, enslaved Africans made up about 10% of popular cities in Western Europe. (Donnan) Since Southern Africans were considered inferior at this point of discovery, there wasn’t much they could do to defend themselves from these forms of exploitation. They were in such high demand that they were traded between all of Europe and Asia, as far as Russia and even traded within their native continent of Africa. Northern Muslim Africans were those that kept them as a commodity. Once the demand became so prominent, English and Dutch ships began accompanying Portugal’s voyages down the African coast. After the premature slave trade became more popular and Europe’s nominal economy was blooming, Spain decided to continue the development of Western imperialism by exploring across the Atlantic Ocean with the help of Italian explorer Christopher Columbus at the conclusion of the 15th century. This fueled the already dramatic trade of human cargo by creating trade routes, essentially, worldwide between North America, Europe, and Africa. These conquests created what

The Epidemic Of Hiv / Aids Essay - 1607 Words

Thirty-five years on June 5, 1981, what began with five cases of a rare lung infection (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) among five otherwise healthy gay men eventually emerged as global health crisis, which in 1982, was formally identified as acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Another two years would pass before scientists were able to isolate the retrovirus that causes AIDS, which in 1984 was termed human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). Although a successful discovery, in the absence of a proven treatment, HIV and AIDS had free rein in which to leave in its wake a global path of fear, illness, and death. To understand the totality of HIV/AIDS, consider the following. Since the onset of the pandemic more than 70 million people have been infected with HIV, 35 million people have died of AIDS-related illnesses, and globally, at the end of 2015, an estimated 39.8 people were living with HIV (World Health Organization, 2016). Notwithstanding the global significance of HIV/AIDS, this paper, aside from a historical overview of HIV/AIDS, will focus solely on the continuing public health threat of HIV/AIDS in the United States. Historical Overview of HIV/AIDS The year 1981 remains synonymous with the discovery of AIDS. However, this malignant syndrome did not develop overnight. To understand the emergence of HIV/AIDS as a global pandemic, we must remember this virus had the advantage of historical inconspicuousness. To explain, as early as 1930, a cross-spices viralShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of Hiv And Aids1535 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. 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